Observation of quantum entanglement in top quark pair production in proton-proton collisions at √ s = 13 TeV

Author(s)
, André H. Hoang
Abstract

Entanglement is an intrinsic property of quantum mechanics and is predicted to be exhibited in the particles produced at the Large Hadron Collider. A measurement of the extent of entanglement in top quark-antiquark ( t t ¯ ) events produced in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV is performed with the data recorded by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC in 2016, and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.3 fb−1. The events are selected based on the presence of two leptons with opposite charges and high transverse momentum. An entanglement-sensitive observable D is derived from the top quark spin-dependent parts of the t t ¯ production density matrix and measured in the region of the t t ¯ production threshold. Values of D < − 1 / 3 are evidence of entanglement and D is observed (expected) to be − 0.480 − 0.029 + 0.026 ( − 0.467 − 0.029 + 0.026 ) at the parton level. With an observed significance of 5.1 standard deviations with respect to the non-entangled hypothesis, this provides observation of quantum mechanical entanglement within t t ¯ pairs in this phase space. This measurement provides a new probe of quantum mechanics at the highest energies ever produced.

Organisation(s)
Particle Physics
External organisation(s)
Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften (ÖAW)
Journal
Reports on Progress in Physics
Volume
87
No. of pages
33
ISSN
0034-4885
DOI
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2406.03976
Publication date
11-2024
Peer reviewed
Yes
Austrian Fields of Science 2012
103025 Quantum mechanics, 103012 High energy physics
Keywords
ASJC Scopus subject areas
General Physics and Astronomy
Portal url
https://ucrisportal.univie.ac.at/en/publications/8c47c788-0967-45ea-986e-65f910a6dc75